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Presidential Election Cycle Theory: A Bullish 2023?

What are the strengths, limitations, and nuances of presidential election cycle theory and what does the current political context foretell regarding whether 2023 will follow the predicted trend?

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The Size Factor Matters for Actual Portfolios

The size factor contributes to portfolio diversification and risk control.

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Is the Copper–Gold Ratio a Dependable Leading Indicator on Rates?

Earlier this year, the copper–gold ratio was, in Jeffrey Gundlach's words, “screaming that the 10-year should go lower.”

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Rethinking Retirement Planning Outcome Metrics

Retirement, like life, is fundamentally uncertain. That's why we need to provide clients with more context about what missing their retirement-income goals might look like.

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Is the 60/40 Portfolio Still Relevant?

How do portfolios with asset allocations of 100% equity, 100% bond, 60/40, and 80/20 in the US, UK, Italian, Swiss, and global markets perform over time?

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Partnering for Impact: Institutional Investors and the Net-Zero Transition

A well-managed, low-carbon transition requires systemic change from all corners of the global economy.

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Regret and Optimal Portfolio Allocations

To understand risk for portfolio optimization purposes, we need to consider regret.

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SEC Scrutiny of ESG-Related Disclosures: What to Expect

What should investors know about the SEC filing review process and how it may affect ESG-related disclosures?

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Mindy Lubber: A Sustainability Story

Climate risk is financial risk, according to Mindy Lubber.

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A Sea Change: Howard Marks, CFA, on the End of Easy Money

“I'm not saying that interest rates are going to go back up. I just think they're done coming down,” Howard Marks, CFA, told Marg Franklin, CFA. "And if that's true, I think we're in a different...

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A Global Proxy Voting Database: An Idea Whose Time Has Come?

The proxy voting system has taken on added importance amid growing interest in environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues and how investors vote on related shareholder proposals. So, how can we...

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The 800-Pound Gorilla: Office Real Estate

"Office has replaced retail as the worst six letter word in real estate.”

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Factor Portfolios and Cap-Weighted Benchmarks: Bridging the Tracking Error Gap

Can we retain the benefits and economically sound basis of a factor approach to equity investing while more closely aligning a factor portfolio’s performance to a cap-weighted benchmark?

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The Predictive Power of the Yield Curve

The predictive power of the yield curve is a widely accepted causal narrative. But the history shows that the causal correlation between long and short rates is actually quite weak.

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When Hindsight Becomes Foresight: Replicating Investment Performance

Most investment products simply provide exposure to the stock market in complicated wrappers.

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ESG Affirmations and Surprises: Asset Managers Look to the Future

ESG considerations are transforming how asset managers approach their jobs and serve their clients, according to the latest Index Industry Association (IIA) survey.

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The Fitch Downgrade: The Principal–Agent Problem in Modern Finance

Fitch Ratings' US credit downgrade highlights a latent principal–agent problem in modern financial markets: Investors have outsourced much of their risk management to the rating agencies.

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The First US Real Estate Bubble and Three Lessons from the Mount Tambora...

How can the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora inform investors today?

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Climate Change, Risk Management, and the Freedom to Invest Responsibly

The freedom to invest responsibly and the principle of risk management must be defended, and that requires us to go back to basics.

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Myron Scholes on Black–Scholes, Decarbonization, AI, and Parenting

"If life were unchanging, then options would not be as valuable, but life is always changing, which makes options and the ability to deal with uncertainties very precious." — Myron Scholes

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Do Better ESG Ratings Boost Bond Holders?

Does the bond market view companies with better ESG ratings as better credit risks?

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Project Finance: Beware Interest Rate Miscalculations

To navigate the storms of interest rate variability, we need foresight and flexibility.

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Rethinking Corporate FX Hedging: Seeing the Forest through the Trees

Why are publicly traded companies so often blindsided by FX volatility?

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Portfolio Confidential: Five Common Client Concerns

What are the five most common client concerns and how can we address them?

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Markets in Chaos: A Return to the Gold Standard?

The grand monetary experiment of the last decade and a half has undermined the global financial system and necessitates a radical solution.

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How Can Family Offices Leverage Artificial Intelligence? Four Applications

AI will revolutionize family office operations. That's why each office must be intentional about its AI adoption formula, governance procedures, and long-term AI roadmap.

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Trick or Treat? Bobbing for Multibaggers in the Small-Cap Market

Small-cap investing is a “negative art.” But in addition to steering clear of losers, small-cap investors have to demonstrate the “positive art” of picking winners.

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ChatGPT and Large Language Models: Their Risks and Limitations

Inaccessible data and the limits of computing power are only two of the obstacles holding LLMs back.

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Book Review: Validation of Risk Management Models for Financial Institutions

Validation of Risk Management Models for Financial Institutions, through a set of thoughtful articles, describes how effective structuring and testing of the modeling techniques used in risk management...

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The Innovation Advantage: Private Market Investing

The potential advantages of private market investments, specifically venture equity and venture debt investing, extend to five dimensions of performance.

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Book Review: Plunder

Brendan Ballou presents a meta-analysis of the worst of private equity investment practices, thus compelling investors to take a deeper look into their illiquid private equity commitments.

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The FX Swap Market: Growing in the Shadows

The foreign exchange (FX) swap market ought to be both transparent and well regulated. It is neither.

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Private Equity: Five Lessons from the Global Financial Crisis

If a recession comes, how can the lessons of the global financial crisis (GFC) inform private equity practitioners?

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The 60/40 Portfolio Needs an Alts Infusion

How can investors supplement the traditional 60/40 stock/bond portfolio with allocations to alternatives?

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Research and Policy Center Five Most Popular Articles of 2023: Sustainability

For sustainability-related content, readers clicked most on "Applying Economics — Not Gut Feel — to ESG" by Alex Edmans in 2023.

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Top 10 Posts from 2023: The 10 Greatest Investors, ChatGPT, and the Active...

Enterprising Investor's most popular posts of the year include contributions from Mark J. Higgins, CFA, CFP, Larry Cao, CFA, Michinori Kanokogi, CFA, and Yoshimasa Satoh, CFA, among others.

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Climate Risk and the Future of US Commercial Real Estate

Climate risks and the CRE loan market have many points of intersection that spotlight the urgent need for community and regional banks to recalibrate their risk assessment frameworks.

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How to Build Better Low Volatility Equity Strategies  

Not all low volatility strategies are created equal. Many lack the diversification and risk control needed to guard against concentration and macro risk.

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A More Robust Macro Risk Targeting Strategy for Equities

"It is possible to construct equity portfolios that possess out of sample exposure that facilitate more precise targeting of levels of macroeconomic risk exposure."

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Bad Ideas: Why Active Equity Funds Invest in Them and Five Ways to Avoid Them

Most active equity funds do not underperform for lack of stock-picking skill. Rather the investment industry incentivizes them to manage business risk at the expense of long-term portfolio performance.

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ESG Investing and the Popularity Asset Pricing Model (PAPM)

When it comes to ESG investing, we have to agree that we don’t all agree. 

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It’s Not Always the Economy: Five Questions to Gauge Financial Markets

The economy matters, but it matters differently to different investors depending on their distinct objectives, timelines, and asset allocation. And it’s not the only thing that matters.

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Plan Sponsor Priorities for 2024: A Seven-Item Checklist

What topics in particular should defined contribution (DC) plan sponsors keep front of mind this year?

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Book Review: The Four Pillars of Investing, Second Edition 

William J. Bernstein provides a comprehensive guide that offers important insights and practical strategies for creating and maintaining a successful investment portfolio.

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The Low-Volatility Factor and Occam’s Razor

Will the low-volatility premium continue to be the best-kept secret in financial markets?

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AI’s Carbon Footprint: Balancing Innovation with Sustainability

The future of artificial intelligence (AI) should not just be smart, it must also be sustainable.

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Venture Capital: Lessons from the Dot-Com Days

Start-up valuations have yet to fully reflect the market's ongoing downdraft. The correction could prove as protracted as that of the dot-com crash. 

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Can the Fed Pull Off a Soft Landing?

The yield curve is inverted, implying an imminent recession, but the stock market is at or near record highs. What can we make of these contradictory signals?

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Climate Transition Risk in European Equity Markets

How can investors assess climate transition risk in their portfolios?

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AI to the Rescue? Overhauling the US Power Grid on the Path to Net Zero

Once known as secure and profitable investments, utilities are now viewed as enterprises fraught with financial risks. Investors should favor utilities that employ AI and other digital strategies to...

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